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  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>emergentresearch</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Emergent Life Sciences Research</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>2395-6658 (</PISSN>
      <EISSN>) 2395-664X (Print)</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Vol 4, Issue 2, Published on 31</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>December 2018</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Research Article</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Pre- and post- morphological evaluation of the kidneys of male Wistar rats inoculated with Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidade) salivary gland extract</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>11</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>21</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>R. M. M.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Abreu</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>N. R. C.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Pereira</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>M. R.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Abreu</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>L. M. G. F.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Hebling</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>E. F.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Nodari</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>R. S.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Matos</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>L. A.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Anholeto</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>M. I.</FirstName>
          <LastName>Camargo-Mathias</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Controlling the population of ticks is a subject of great concern to researchers, due to the parasitic nature of these ectoparasites and their capacity to transmit pathogens to the human being and other vertebrate animals. In this scenario, some authors have studied the salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, having demonstrated the morphophysiological importance of these organs. The saliva plays a role in the modulation of the host__ampersandsign#39;s immune-inflammatory and hemostatic systems; in addition, it is considered a potential reservoir of several functions. In this sense, the present study had the objective to establish, analyze and correlate the morpho-physiological behavior of the cells and tissues from the kidneys of male Wistar rats pre/post inoculated with R. sanguineus salivary gland extract, in addition to verify the possible toxic action of this saliva on the kidney. For this, the rats were divided into 5 groups with 4 animals each: CG (control, no exposure); PBS1 (one injection of PBS 1X), PBS2 (two injections of PBS 1X), SGE1 (one injection of salivary gland extract 0.04__ampersandsign#181;g/__ampersandsign#181;L) and SGE2 (two injections of salivary gland extract 0.04__ampersandsign#181;g/__ampersandsign#181;L). After the exposures, the kidneys were subjected to histological/histochemical techniques: HE, toluidine blue and xylidine Ponceau. Each inoculated rat was weighed one day before the first inoculation and after 21 days, the blood count analysis was performed. The results showed that the exposures, either to PBS or to the SGE caused small alterations: a) emergence of fat plates in the glomerular region b) presence of nuclei with higher heterochromatin concentration in the cells of both regions. The data indicated that, despite these small morphological alterations, no systemic toxicity signs were observed, which was confirmed by the blood clinical analysis and the body weight measurements that were conducted before and after the treatment. In this context, it was possible to conclude that in general both PBS and SGE did not cause damage to renal tissues.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>bioactive, control, pathogen, R. sanguineus, salivary gland, ticks</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://www.emergentresearch.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=5813&amp;title=Pre- and post- morphological evaluation of the kidneys of male Wistar rats inoculated with Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidade) salivary gland extract</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>