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  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>emergentresearch</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Emergent Life Sciences Research</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>2395-6658 (</PISSN>
      <EISSN>) 2395-664X (Print)</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue/>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season/>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Research Article</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Synergy between fungal endophytes recovered from Fragaria vesca improves fruit production in a strawberry cultivar with and without Botrytis cinerea infection
</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>0</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>0</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Brian</FirstName>
          <LastName>Murphy</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Strawberries are an important global soft-fruit crop, but optimal production is constrained by the costs of disease and chemical treatments. Grey mould disease, caused by the pathogen Botrytis cinerea, is a particularly devastating pathogen of strawberry crops worldwide. We recovered fungal leaf endophytes from a wild relative of strawberry, Fragaria vesca, and tested the effect of inoculating the endophytes onto plants of the strawberry cultivar Elsanta grown in a glasshouse. The strawberry plants were either untreated, treated with endophytes, infected with B. cinerea or inoculated with both endophytes and B. cinerea. The endophytes were applied as a consortium of six strains (identified as strains of Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum circinans, Penicillium brevicompactum and Phoma exigua). The plants treated with endophytes had a longer production period and produced a significantly greater quantity and weight of fruit. Compared with the controls, plants inoculated with the endophytes produced 48% more berries and a 22% greater weight of berries; plants inoculated with both endophytes and B. cinerea produced 49% more berries and a 51% greater weight of berries. While strains of each endophyte species have previously been reported to be potentially pathogenic, we have shown that the synergistic interactions between them boosted strawberry fruit production. They can therefore be considered to act on the positive side of a mutualism-parasitism continuum. These results suggest that the endophytes have the potential to improve strawberry production in a larger scale agricultural setting and reduce the negative impact of grey mould disease.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Biological control,Botrytis cinerea,Endophytes,Pathogen,Strawberry,Synergy,Yield</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://www.emergentresearch.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=6157&amp;title=Synergy between fungal endophytes recovered from Fragaria vesca improves fruit production in a strawberry cultivar with and without Botrytis cinerea infection</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
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